[Thirty Years of Health Surveillance of Foods in Barcelona: The "ICSA" Food Quality Research Program].

The Food Health Quality Research Program (Investigación de la Calidad Sanitaria de los Alimentos [ICSA]) of the Public Health Agency of Barcelona (Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona [ASPB]) was initiated in 1984 to carry out surveillance of certain chemical and microbiological parameters related to the sanitary and safety of foods sold in the city. The present article analyzes the importance of health surveillance and provides details of the uses of the ICSA program. The main aim of this program is to evaluate whether marketed foods comply with the absence and/or established tolerance levels of specific parameters. Nevertheless, the program is able to incorporate or suppress parameters or foods that pose emerging dangers or interests not represented in current legislation. Besides, the program not only obtains a view of the parameters studied at a specific time period in each report, but also accumulates data over time, allowing risk assessment, calculation of dietary intake of contaminants, analysis of tendencies, and evaluation of the effectiveness of regulations to reduce contaminants. The program can also help in the planning of food control programs. The information obtained is disseminated nationally and internationally and is included in dossiers of contaminants issued by national and European health agencies. This demonstrates that a locally-developed surveillance system can have a wider scope and broader objectives and can provide useful information for managers, administrations, economic operators and consumers.

Programa de investigación de la calidad sanitaria de los alimentos (ICSA): 30 años de vigilancia sanitaria de los alimentos en Barcelona / The ICSA Program: 30 Years of Health Surveillance of Foods in Barcelona

La Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona (ASPB) dispone, desde 1984, del Programa de Investigación de la Calidad Sanitaria de los Alimentos (ICSA) como instrumento para la vigilancia de determinados parámetros químicos y microbiológicos relacionados con el estado sanitario de los alimentos comercializados en la ciudad. Este trabajo analiza la importancia de la vigilancia en salud, particularizando con el análisis de la utilidad y beneficios del programa ICSA. El objetivo principal del programa es valorar si, una vez en el mercado, los alimentos cumplen con la ausencia y/o niveles de tolerancia establecidos para determinados parámetros. No obstante, su carácter abierto permite incorporar o suprimir parámetros o alimentos reflejando nuevos peligros emergentes o intereses más allá de lo legislado. Además, el programa no solo obtiene una visión puntual de los parámetros estudiados en cada edición sino que la acumulación de datos en el tiempo permite evaluar riesgos, realizar cálculos de ingestas de contaminantes a través de la dieta, analizar tendencias, valorar la efectividad de las normativas para la reducción de contaminantes o ayudar en la planificación de programas de control. La información resultante se divulga local e internacionalmente, formando parte de los trabajos de recopilación de contaminantes de agencias de salud estatales y europeas, lo que muestra que es posible desarrollar un sistema de vigilancia a nivel local pero con alcance y objetivos globales y con información útil para gestores, administraciones, operadores económicos y consumidores (AU)

The Food Health Quality Research Program (Investigación de la Calidad Sanitaria de los Alimentos [ICSA]) of the Public Health Agency of Barcelona (Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona [ASPB]) was initiated in 1984 to carry out surveillance of certain chemical and microbiological parameters related to the sanitary and safety of foods sold in the city. The present article analyzes the importance of health surveillance and provides details of the uses of the ICSA program. The main aim of this program is to evaluate whether marketed foods comply with the absence and/or established tolerance levels of specific parameters. Nevertheless, the program is able to incorporate or suppress parameters or foods that pose emerging dangers or interests not represented in current legislation. Besides, the program not only obtains a view of the parameters studied at a specific time period in each report, but also accumulates data over time, allowing risk assessment, calculation of dietary intake of contaminants, analysis of tendencies, and evaluation of the effectiveness of regulations to reduce contaminants. The program can also help in the planning of food control programs. The information obtained is disseminated nationally and internationally and is included in dossiers of contaminants issued by national and European health agencies. This demonstrates that a locally-developed surveillance system can have a wider scope and broader objectives and can provide useful information for managers, administrations, economic operators and consumers (AU)

Gestión del riesgo asociado a los alérgenos en los comedores escolares de la ciudad de Barcelona / Management of the risks associated with allergens in school canteens in Barcelona (Spain)

Objetivo. Determinar la demanda y el tipo de dietas especiales para alumnos con alergias o intolerancias alimentarias (AIA) en los comedores escolares de Barcelona durante el curso 2011-12, y conocer la implementación de autocontroles y medidas preventivas para la gestión de alérgenos, así como la relación entre la aplicación de estas medidas con diversas variables. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo de una muestra representativa de escuelas (n = 129). Las variables dependientes recogieron información sobre los datos poblacionales de los centros y el alumnado, la demanda de menús especiales y la implementación de medidas preventivas. Las variables independientes fueron la gestión del comedor, el número de comensales y los autocontroles para la gestión de alérgenos. Para las escuelas que elaboraban comidas (n = 92) se calculó un índice a partir de las preguntas de medidas preventivas. Mediante prueba t de Student se compararon las medias de los índices, estratificando según las variables independientes. Resultados. El 89% de las escuelas sirvieron dietas AIA (1507 dietas AIA/día, el 5% del total de los menús) y el 65% no disponían de un plan de control de alérgenos. La media de los índices fue de 11,6 sobre 17. Los comedores gestionados externamente, con más comensales y que disponían de autocontroles, implementaron más medidas preventivas de gestión de alérgenos (p < 0,05). Conclusiones. Un alto porcentaje de centros manifiestan llevar a cabo medidas preventivas en el proceso de elaboración y servicio de menús especiales. Desde los servicios de inspección sanitaria es necesario promover la implementación de un plan de control de alérgenos en los comedores escolares para gestionar este riesgo alimentario (AU)

Objective. To determine demand for special meals and their types for students with food allergies or intolerances (FAI) in school canteens in Barcelona (Spain) during the 2011-12 school year, and to ascertain the degree of implementation of self-assessment plans and preventive measures for the management of allergens, and the relationships between the application of such measures and other variables. Methods. A descriptive study was performed of a representative sample of schools (n = 129). The dependent variables collected data on the schools and students, the level of demand for special meals, and the implementation of preventive measures. Independent variables consisted of canteen management, the number of users, and whether self-assessment plans were implemented. For those schools that prepared meals (n = 92), an index was calculated from the questions on preventive measures. Student t-tests were used to compare the means of the indices with stratification by the independent variables. Results. A total of 89% of schools served special meals for students with FAI (1,507 special meals per day, 5% of all meals) and 65% had no allergen control plan. The mean of the indices was 11.6 out of 17. Externally managed canteens, with more users and with self-assessment plans, implemented more preventive measures for allergen management (p < 0.05). Conclusions. A high proportion of schools report carrying out preventive measures in the process of preparing and serving special meals. Those with self-assessment plans have better preventive practices. To manage this food-related risk, food hygiene inspection services should promote the implementation of allergen control plans in school canteens (AU)

[Management of the risks associated with allergens in school canteens in Barcelona (Spain)]. / Gestión del riesgo asociado a los alérgenos en los comedores escolares de la ciudad de Barcelona.

OBJECTIVE: To determine demand for special meals and their types for students with food allergies or intolerances (FAI) in school canteens in Barcelona (Spain) during the 2011-12 school year, and to ascertain the degree of implementation of self-assessment plans and preventive measures for the management of allergens, and the relationships between the application of such measures and other variables. METHODS: A descriptive study was performed of a representative sample of schools (n=129). The dependent variables collected data on the schools and students, the level of demand for special meals, and the implementation of preventive measures. Independent variables consisted of canteen management, the number of users, and whether self-assessment plans were implemented. For those schools that prepared meals (n=92), an index was calculated from the questions on preventive measures. Student t-tests were used to compare the means of the indices with stratification by the independent variables. RESULTS: A total of 89% of schools served special meals for students with FAI (1,507 special meals per day, 5% of all meals) and 65% had no allergen control plan. The mean of the indices was 11.6 out of 17. Externally managed canteens, with more users and with self-assessment plans, implemented more preventive measures for allergen management (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of schools report carrying out preventive measures in the process of preparing and serving special meals. Those with self-assessment plans have better preventive practices. To manage this food-related risk, food hygiene inspection services should promote the implementation of allergen control plans in school canteens.